Vanhu vanofamba mumugwagwa vava kujaira kutevedzera mirairo yemwenje yemotokarikuti vapfuure nepakati pemharadzano dzemigwagwa. Asi wakambofunga here kuti ndiani akagadzira rambi remotokari? Sekureva kwezvinyorwa, rambi remotokari pasi rose raishandiswa mudunhu reWestmeister muLondon, England muna 1868. Marambi emotokari panguva iyoyo aingova matsvuku negirinhi chete, uye aibatidzwa negasi.
Marambi emagetsi akashandiswa muCleveland, Ohio muna 1914. Mudziyo uyu wakaisa hwaro hwemazuva ano.zviratidzo zvemirairo yemugwagwa.Pakapinda gore ra1918, United States yakaisa chiratidzo chepasi rose chine mavara matatu pashongwe refu paFifth Avenue muNew York City. MuChina ndiye akapa pfungwa yekuwedzera mwenje yeyero pamwenje yepakutanga yechiratidzo chetsvuku negirini.
MuChinese uyu anonzi Hu Ruding. Panguva iyoyo, akaenda kuUnited States nechinangwa che "kuponesa nyika nesainzi". Aishanda semushandi weGeneral Electric Company, uko muvambi Edison aive sachigaro. Rimwe zuva, akamira pamharadzano yemigwagwa yakabatikana achimirira chiratidzo chechiedza chegirini. Paakaona mwenje mutsvuku uye ava kuda kupfuura, mota yaitenderera yakapfuura ichichema, ichimutyisa kusvika adikitira. Kudzokera kudhomitari, akafungisisa kakawanda uye pakupedzisira akafunga kuwedzera mwenje wechiratidzo yeyero pakati pemwenje mutsvuku negirini kuti ayeuchidze vanhu kuti vateerere njodzi. Chikumbiro chake chakasimbiswa pakarepo nemapoka akakodzera. Saka, mwenje mutsvuku, yeyero negirini imhuri yezviratidzo zvakakwana, inofukidza minda yekutakura nyika, yegungwa neyendege pasi rese.
Nguva dzinotevera dzakakosha dzekuvandudzwa kwemwenje yemotokari:
-Muna 1868, rambi repasi rose rakazvarwa muUK;
-Muna 1914, marambi emotokari aidzorwa nemagetsi akatanga kuonekwa mumigwagwa yeCleveland, Ohio;
-Muna 1918, United States yakanga yakashongedzwa nechiratidzo chemotokari chine mavara matatu chine ruvara rutsvuku, rweyero, uye rwegirini paFifth Avenue;
-Muna 1925, London, United Kingdom yakaunza mwenje yezviratidzo ine mavara matatu, uye yakamboshandisa mwenje yeyero se "mwenje yekugadzirira" isati yashandiswa mwenje dzvuku (izvi zvisati zvaitika, United States yaishandisa mwenje yeyero kuratidza kutenderera kwemotokari);
-Muna 1928, marambi ekutanga emotokari eChina akaonekwa muBritish Concession muShanghai. Marambi ekutanga emotokari eBeijing akaonekwa muXijiaomin Lane muna 1932.
-Muna 1954, yaimbova Federal Germany yakatanga kushandisa nzira yekudzora mutsetse yekuratidza chiratidzo chepamberi uye kumhanya (Beijing yakashandisa mutsetse wakafanana kudzora mwenje yemotokari muna Kukadzi 1985).
-Muna 1959, marambi emumugwagwa aidzorwa nenzvimbo dzemakombiyuta akatanga.
Kusvika pari zvino, marambi emumugwagwa anga akanaka kwazvo. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemarambi emumugwagwa, marambi emumugwagwa azere nechidzitiro, marambi emuseve, marambi emumugwagwa anofamba netsoka, marambi emumugwagwa, nezvimwewo, "Marambi matsvuku anomira, marambi egirini" kudzivirira kufamba kwedu pamwe chete.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-09-2022
