Nekuwedzera kuri kuita maguta nekufambisa mota muChina, kuwanda kwemotokari kwave kuchiwedzera uye kwave chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinotadzisa kufambira mberi kwemaguta. Kuonekwa kwemwenje yezviratidzo zvemotokari kunoita kuti motokari dzikwanise kudzorwa zvinobudirira, izvo zvine mhedzisiro yakajeka pakuderedza kufamba kwemotokari, kuvandudza kugona kwemugwagwa uye kuderedza tsaona dzemotokari. Mwenje wechiratidzo chemotokari unowanzo kuve nemwenje mutsvuku (zvichireva kuti hapana kupfuura), mwenje wegirini (zvichireva kuti kupfuura kunobvumidzwa) uye mwenje yeyero (zvichireva yambiro). Inogona kukamurwa kuita mwenje wechiratidzo chemotokari, mwenje wechiratidzo chemotokari usiri mota, mwenje wechiratidzo chekufamba, mwenje wechiratidzo chenzira, mwenje wechiratidzo chekutungamira, mwenje wechiratidzo chekupenya, mwenje wechiratidzo chemugwagwa nechitima, nezvimwewo zvichienderana nemafomu nezvinangwa zvakasiyana.
Zvichienderana neongororo yakadzama yemusika uye hurongwa hwekudyara mari hweindasitiri yemwenje yezviratidzo zvemotokari muChina kubva muna 2022 kusvika 2027 neChina Research Institute of China Research&Development Co., Ltd.
Muna 1968, Chibvumirano cheUnited Nations pamusoro peMigwagwa neZviratidzo zveMugwagwa chakataura zvinoreva mwenje yakasiyana-siyana yezviratidzo. Mwenje wegirini chiratidzo chemugwagwa. Mota dzakatarisana nemwenje wegirini dzinogona kufamba dzakananga, dzakatendeukira kuruboshwe kana kurudyi, kunze kwekunge chimwe chiratidzo chichirambidza kutendeuka kwakati. Mota dzinotendeukira kuruboshwe nekurudyi dzinofanira kupa mukana wekutyaira zviri pamutemo munzvimbo dzinosangana migwagwa uye vanofamba netsoka vanoyambuka nzvimbo dzinosangana migwagwa. Mwenje mutsvuku chiratidzo chekuti hapana nzira yekufamba nayo. Mota dzakatarisana nemwenje mutsvuku dzinofanira kumira kumashure kwemutsetse wekumira panzvimbo dzinosangana migwagwa. Mwenje weyero chiratidzo chekunyevera. Mota dzakatarisana nemwenje yeyero hadzigone kuyambuka mutsetse wekumira, asi dzinogona kupinda munzvimbo dzinosangana migwagwa kana dziri pedyo nemutsetse wekumira uye hadzigone kumira zvakachengeteka. Kubva ipapo, chirongwa ichi chave chinozivikanwa pasi rese.
Chiratidzo chetraffic chinonyanya kudzorwa ne microcontroller kana Linux processor mukati, uye peripheral ine serial port, network port, key, display screen, indicator light nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa. Zvinoita sekuti hazvina kuoma, asi nekuda kwekuti nzvimbo yayo yekushanda yakaoma uye inoda kushanda nguva dzose kwemakore mazhinji, ine zvinodiwa zvakanyanya kuti chigadzirwa chigadzikane uye chive chemhando yepamusoro. Traffic light ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zve urban traffic system yemazuva ano, iyo inoshandiswa kudzora nekutarisira zviratidzo zve urban road traffic.
Zvichienderana nedata, mwenje wekutanga wezviratidzo zvemotokari muChina waive British Concession muShanghai. Kare muna 1923, Shanghai Public Concession yakatanga kushandisa michina yemagetsi pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzemigwagwa kuraira mota kuti dzimire dzofamba mberi. Musi wa13 Kubvumbi, 1923, nzvimbo mbiri dzakakosha dzeNanjing Road dzakatanga dzakashongedzwa nemwenje yezviratidzo, iyo yaidzorwa nemaoko nemapurisa emigwagwa.
Kubva musi wa1 Ndira 2013, China yakashandisa Mitemo mitsva pamusoro peKushandiswa neKushandiswa kweRezenisi yeKutyaira Mota. Kududzirwa kwemitemo mitsva nemadhipatimendi akakodzera kwakataura zvakajeka kuti "kutora mwenje yeyero chiito chekutyora mwenje yezviratidzo zvemugwagwa, uye mutyairi achabhadhariswa faindi inodarika 20 yuan asi isingasviki 200 yuan, uye mapoinzi matanhatu achanyorwa." Pakangotangwa mitemo mitsva, yakabata tsinga dzevatyairi vemotokari. Vatyairi vazhinji vanowanzoshaya pekupinda pavanosangana nemwenje yeyero pamharadzano dzemigwagwa. Mwenje yeyero yaimbova "zviyeuchidzo" zvevatyairi ikozvino yava "misungo isiri pamutemo" iyo vanhu vanotya.
Mafambiro ekuvandudza marambi emigwagwa akangwara
Nekuvandudzwa kweInternet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence uye information technology, dhipatimendi rekufambisa rinoona kuti matambudziko emotokari ari kuramba achikura anogona kugadziriswa chete nekushandisa nzira dzepamusoro-soro. Nokudaro, kushandurwa kwe "hungwaru" kwezvivakwa zvemigwagwa kwave tsika isingadzivisike yekuvandudzwa kwekufambisa kwakangwara. Mwenje yemotokari inzira inokosha yekutarisira nekudzora traffic muguta, uye kuvandudzwa kwesystem yekudzora light light kuchave nekukwanisa kukuru kwekuderedza kuwanda kwemotokari. Pasi pekuvandudzwa nekukurumidza kwetekinoroji yehungwaru hwekugadzira, mwenje yemagetsi yakavakirwa pakugadzirisa mifananidzo uye masisitimu akavharirwa inobuda sezvo nguva dzichidikanwa kuti pave nekusarudzwa kwedhijitari uye kuwanikwa kwezvishandiso zvemotokari nemidziyo yedhijitari. Kuti pave nemhinduro yesystem yekudzora traffic yakangwara, mhinduro inopiwa neFeiling embedded system ndeiyi inotevera: mucabinet yekudzora roadside yemunda welight light light panosangana migwagwa yega yega, chiratidzo chemotokari chinogona kugadzirwa nebhodhi reARM core reFeiling embedded system.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-21-2022
